Merits and Demerits of Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Type 2 Literature review

Merits and Demerits of Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight and Obese Adults - Literature review Example Bariatric operations are basically grouped into totally restrictive, mostly restrictive, and mostly malabsorptive procedures (Ferrannini and Mingrone, 2009, p. 516) but the most common surgery performed is Roux-en-Y gastric bypass through which â€Å"between 33 and 77% of excess weight can be lost† (Buchwald et al., 2004, p. 1730). General consensus among clinicians is that the bariatric operations have proved to be particularly appreciative medical treatment for diabetes associated with obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Also research has it that all these surgical options are potentially capable of helping the diabetic patients in terms of fast recovery, weight adjustment, cardiovascular risk factors management, and significant reduction in mortality of 23% from a troubling 40% (Robinson, 2009, p. 521). Evidence about the role, credibility, and shortcomings of bariatric surgery as a thriving treatment option for type 2 DM is gathered through reviewing credible scientific j ournals and findings are discussed and scrutinized in this paper as an attempt to compare and contrast what different researchers have said on this subject so far. Literature Review For people having a BMI of at least 35 with significant comorbidities like diabetes, bariatric surgery is ruled out as a safe and healthy recommendation by the health care professionals as this is considered a wise decision with great payoffs (Robinson, 2009, p. 520). In a research study involving as many as 232 obese patients with type 2 DM from 1979 to 1994, it is claimed by MacDonald et al. (1997) that 154 out of them underwent gastric bypass operation and had their small intestines resected while the rest did not... Surgery is repeatedly claimed to be an effective early intervention for diabetes by different researchers. Much research has been done on the subject of effectiveness of bariatric surgery in weight loss and diabetes-related outcomes in the obese adults. Weight reduction is the first most strategy which should be considered by the diabetic patients as the progression rate of diabetes heavily relates to the obesity rate. A reduction in all-cause mortality is stressed in the literature on bariatric surgery and its implications because the surgical interventions largely aim at decreasing the weight as obesity in itself is a potential driver of many cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunctions. The charm of bariatric surgical interventions like gastric bypass surgery is that they are performed to achieve multiple targets and may or may not include weight loss depending on the situation. This means that diabetic patients of think physique can also go through bariatric surgery to have their di abetes treated only. However different sources cite that complications resulting from weight loss surgery vary and are frequent including nutritional deficiencies, kidney issues, bone fracture risks, postprandial diarrhea, and other metabolic bones diseases. Among the postsurgical complications, gastric dumping syndrome which involves bloating and diarrhea after meals forms the commonest complication of bariatric surgery performed to treat type 2 DM in overweight or obese adult patients.